The mid-ocean ridge runs through the oceans like a suture. Where Earth's plates move apart, new oceanic crust is continuously ...
The human-occupied vehicle Alvin, during a dive on the East Pacific Rise, collected samples and recovered instruments placed at the vents during previous expeditions. Woods Hole, Mass (October 13, ...
Relative plate motions and plate boundary geometries are from Cao et al. (2024), with plate motions placed in a mantle reference frame. Continents are light grey, with continental margins shown in ...